The arrests that followed the Kristallnacht pogrom launched the Nazi's plan to eliminate Jews from Germany and Austria. In the first stage, they were expelled from the country or incarcerated in concentration camps. Many were worked or starved to death under those conditions. Later, the ones who remained, and those who lived in countries conquered by the Nazis, would be transported to Jewish ghettos and death camps in the East.

Below: Ludwig Israel Ordower's low prisoner number indicated that he had been imprisoned for several years when he wrote this letter to his non-Jewish wife. He probably had been arrested in the post-Kristallnacht dragnet.

The August 22, 1941, commemorative machine cancellation of Weimar promoted the festive autumn fair in nearby Leipzig. next >>