On 9 January 1905 the play
was staged in Polish in Krakow's city theatre, and then
on the Polish stage in Warsaw.
The second play, which A.
published, is his drama "Moshiakhs tsaytn (The Time of
the Messiah)," that was previously printed in Vilna's "Nayer
veg," and then it was printed separately ("Moshiakhs
tsaytn -- A Dream of My People" -- publisher "Tsukunft,"
Vilna, 1906). The play was rarely performed by
professional Yiddish theatre. The only productions of it
that are known are that of Adler in New York, and by
Mestel and A. Lubetsky in Vienna's "Yiddish Stage."
However, the play for a certain time was very often
found on the posters of the various Yiddish dramatic
amateur societies. The play under the name "Na puti
v'sion" was staged on 12 February 1906 in the Russian
translation by Yevgeni Tropovsky in Peterburg, in
Komissarzhevskaya's troupe; 15 July 1906 the play was
performed in the Polish translation of F. Sokolow on the
Warsaw Polish stage.
In 1907 A. published his
drama "Got fun nekome (God of Vengeance)," which soon
was included in the repertoire of professional Yiddish
theatre and also in amateur circles in the entire world.
The main role "Yekl Shapshovitsh" in America was
performed by Kessler, in Europe by Meyerson.
The subject of the play had
called out for a great discussion in the press, and
several times it even went further, that certain Yiddish
elements, especially the sacred, had tried to be
performed within the play, declaring them as immoral.
David Frishman had in the "Theatre World" 1, 1908,
published a parody of he play under the name of "Got fun
rakhamim (God of Mercy)." A.'s drama was performed in
several European languages, such as Russian, German (by
Reinhardt, the role "Yekl Shapshovitsh -- Rudolph Schildkraut, who performed it later in America also in
Yiddish), Polish (one act in the translation of Dr.
Gottlieb, staged in the Polish [now Slavotski] city
theatre in Krakow, on 27 December 1908 it was staged by
Karol Adventovitsh in Warsaw, then in various other
Polish troupes; French (in the translation of L.
Blumenfeld), in English and in Italian. The English
production with Rudolph Schildkraut in the main role, was
forbidden by New York City's police, and the troupe was
arrested and judged innocent. The Hebrew production in
Eretz Yisrael was not derlozt.
In the "Literary
monatshriften" (III, 1908), A. published his historical
tragedy "Shabse tsvi," the tragedy in the adaptation of
Joseph Buloff was staged in 1926 by the "Vilna Troupe"
in Rumania, indicating on the poster as the basis for
the first and third act of the play of Asch's "Shabse
tsvi," and the second and fourth acts of Zhulavsky's
"Der suf fun moshiakh (The End of the Messiah)." The
play in the same form also was staged in 1928 in the
"Yiddish Dramatic Literary Society" in Chicago. Both
productions were directed by Joseph Buloff, who
performed in the title role. The same play in 1928 was
also staged in Riga's "New Yiddish Theatre" by A.
Stein, who performed in the title role.
Circa 1908 A. also wrote his
one-act play "Amnon and Tamar" (staged on 30 June 1919
by Granovsky's Studio in Petrograd, Director A.
Granovsky, music Rozovsky, and on 27 March 1921 by the
"Vilna Troupe," Director: Mendel Elkin), "Um vinter
(Around Winter)" (staged on 30 June 1919 by Granovsky's
studio in Petrograd, Director A. Granovsky, music Krein)
and "Der zindiker (The Sinner)" (staged on 28 June 1919
by Granovsky's studio in Petrograd, director Granovsky,
music Rozovsky, and on 27 March 1921 by the "Vilna
Troupe," Director Mendel Elkin).
In 1909 A.'s published the
comedy "Yikhes" [at first printed in the collection "Di
yidishe yugend," Warsaw, Tr"e, 59 p., 8°]. The play was
soon included in the repertoire of the amateur circles,
and for a short time after it was published, it was
staged under the providence of the author and the
director for Julius Adler, by Zandberg's troupe in
Lodz's Grand Theatre, in February 1921 the play was
staged in New York in the New Yiddish Theatre, and then
by other troupes.
Soon after the play was
published, it was read by the author for a Russian
translation in a circle of Russian playwrights and
artists in Peterburg, and it served as a cause for the
well-known Chirikov-Arabazhin scandal.
At the end of 1909 A.
visited America, and there he wrote a comedy of Jewish
life in their new home "Der landsman" (staged by
Kessler). The play did not have great success. also the
production in Europe (Julius Adler in Lodz's Grand
Theatre) hadn't any success. Then the Vienna production
of the play with Max Shtreng in the title role in the
"Fraye yidisher folksbine" (1919, Director Jacob Mestel), was a
great success.
The comedy also was the
first play with which the "Vilna Troupe" began its
activity.
Several years later in
Lodz's Polish theatre, the comedy was staged in Polish
by Tatarkovich.
In the span of the years
1910-14, A. published, among his many fictional works
the following theatre pieces: the pre-historic, biblical
drama "Jephthah's Daughter" (publisher B. A. Kletzkin
1913), the two-act drama of Polish artistic life "Der
bund fun di shvakhe" ("Di yidisher velt," Peterburg 1912,
I -- II).
In 1916 A.'s drama "Dos heylike meydl oder a shnirl perl" was published (staged on 10 December 1925 in New York's Yiddish Art
Theatre), in 1920 A.'s drama "Der toyter mentsh" [staged
on 13 January 1922 by the Chicago Literary Dramatic
Society, Director Abraham Teitelbaum, and on 2 February
1922 in New York's Yiddish Art Theatre, Director
Schwartz], A.'s published "Maranen."
On 15 March 1917 in New
York's Second Avenue Theatre, there was staged with
Kessler in the title role A.'s drama "Motke ganef (Motke
the Thief)" (dramatized by the author from his drama of
the same name). The same drama was staged in 1921, which
the author attended in Poland, in Warsaw's Central
Theatre, with A. Samberg in the title role, and was the
hit of the Yiddish theatre, enduring several hundred
performances in Warsaw, and going over to all the
Yiddish stages in the province. The drama also later was
performed in Hebrew in Eretz Yisrael.
On 1 March 1918 there was
staged in Adler's Grand Theatre by Adler (Adler
performing the role "Hersh Leib the Coach Owner"),
Asch's play "Ver iz der tate (Where is the Father?)"
[special for the purpose of the free adaptation by the
author of his play "Bund fun di shvakhe"]. Then the
folk-shtik "Far unzer globyn" was performed (performed
by various Yiddish troupes).
In January 1924 A. published
in "Tsukunft" fragments of his biblical drama "Joseph,"
a shepherd's story in five scenes, and in 1928 A.
published in "Haynt" fragments of the same drama.
On 3 March 1927 New York's
Yiddish Art Theatre Schwartz staged (for his benefit)
A.'s drama "Reverend Dr. Silver," which was however
performed a few times.
On 2 May 1928 in Warsaw's
Elizeum Theatre, there was staged by the "Vilna Troupe"
the dramatization of A.'s historical novel "Kiddush
Hashem" [assembled for the stage in twenty-five
scenes by Michael Weichert, Director M. Weichert, music Kh. Cohen, scenery W. Weintraub]. The production had a
huge success, and in Warsaw alone was performed around
two hundred times. On 16 September 1928 M. Weichert
directed the same play with a fully new personnel in the
new Yiddish theatre in Riga, Latvia.
On 14 September 1928
"Kiddush hashem" was staged in New York's "Yiddish Art
Theatre" in Schwartz's dramatization and direction. In
the same year through the "Culture League" publishing
house in Warsaw, A.'s four-act drama "Koyln" [two acts
previously printed under the name of "Di kind fun the
erd (The Child of the World)" in "Tsukunft," 1, 2,
1922].
In 1929 in the "Oysgabe
avtorn (author's edition)," Minsk, there was published:
"Uncle Moses," a play in three acts -- fourteen scenes
(according to Scholem Ash) by Y. Mlinek and H. Fafak [64
pp., 16°].
A.'s dramatic work in
Yiddish are:
-
Sholem Asch. Collected
scripts. Volume 15. Publisher "Culture League,"
Warsaw. Dramatic Script. (Biblical and historical
drama) Volume I [Contents: "Jephthah's Daughter," 60
pp, 16°; "Shabse tsvi," a tragedy in three acts and
six scenes with a prelude and postlude, 88 pp., 16°;
"Amnon and Tamar," a dramatic song in five gezangen,
73 pp., 16°].
-
D. Z. Volume 16.
Dramatic script. (a social drama) Volume II.
[Contents: "God of Vengeance," a drama in three
acts, 96 pp., 16°; "Der bund fun di shvakhe," a
drama in three acts, 63 pp, 16°; "Motke the Thief,"
a folks-shtik in three acts with a prologue,
85 pp., 16°; "Yikhus," a comedy in 3 acts, 93 pp.,
16°].
-
D. Z. Volume 17.
Dramatic script (national drama) Volume III
[Contents: "Moshiakh tsaytn," a tsayt-shtik
in three acts, 75 pp., 16°; "Unzer gloybn," a
folks-shtik in four acts, 82 pp., 16°; "A shnirl
perl," a tragedy in four acts with a prologue, 91
pp., 16°; "Der toyter mentsh," a drama in three
acts, 84 pp., 16°].
-
D. Z. Volume 18.
Dramatic script IV. [Contents: "Di yurshim," a drama
in four acts, 106 pp., 16°; "Mitn shtrom (With the
Current)," a drama in two acts, 34 pp., 16°; "Der
zindiger (The Sinner)" in two scenes, 37 pp.; "Um
vinter," 30 pp., 16°; "Maranen," a shtik in
one act and two scenes, 32 pp., 16°].
-
Sholem Asch. "Koyln," a
drama in four acts, publisher "Culture League,"
Warsaw, 1928 [112 pp., 16°].
In Hebrew:
In Russian:
[printed in the third volume
of the same edition.]
[printed in the third volume
of the same edition, 1909, the edited translation by Sh.
Frug, pp. 195-226, previously printed with a small
change in the twenty-first volume of the same book, "Znanye,"
1908].
"God of Vengeance,"
publisher "Velt-bine." "Far unzer gloybn." "Moshiakhs
tsaytn," translator A. Shultz.
In English:
-
THE GOD OF VENGEANCE --
(In: East and West, New York, 1915, v. 1, p.
324-340).
-
THE GOD OF VENGEANCE --
Drama in three acts by Sholom Ash, Authorized
translation from the Yiddish with introduction and
notes by Isaac Goldberg, Preface by Abraham Cahan,
Boston, The Stratford Co., Published MCMXVIII (pp.
99, 24°).
-
WITH THE CURRENT --
(East and West, New York, v. 1, p. 195-199).
-
THE SINNER -- (East and
West, New York, 1915, v. 1, p. 5-9. Also criticism
by John Erskine, ibid., p. 21-23).
-
THE SINNER -- (In: I.
Goldberg's Six Plays of the Yiddish theatre, Boston,
1916, p. 75-78.)
-
JEPHTHAH'S DAUGHTER --
(East and West, 1915, v. 1, p. 108-117.)
-
WINTER -- (In: I.
Goldberg's Six Plays of the Yiddish theatre, Boston,
1916, p. 123-150. Review by "Lucifer" in Jewish
Chronicle, London, May 27, 1927, p. 34).
[The English translation was registered, according
to the public library on 42nd Street, New York].
In German:
-
SABBATAI ZEWI, Tragödie
in Drei Akten (Sechs Bildern) Mit einem vorspiel und
einem Nachspiel, von Schalom ash. S. Fischer Verlag,
Berlin, 1908, [134 pp., 24°].
-
DIE FAMILIE GROSSGLUCK,
Komödie in drei Akten, von Schalom Asch, S. Fischer
Verlag, Berlin, 1909, [134 pp., 24°].
["Yikhus," translation by Pavel Barkhan, Reyzen's
"Lexicon," Vol. I, p. 226].
-
DER SüNDIGE,
Drama in einem Aufzug, übertragen von Alexander
Eliasberg, Georg Müller Verlag, München, 1919.
[In the second volume of Eliasberg's "Yidishem
teater," 22 pp., 16°].
-
MIT DEM STROM, Drama in
Zwei Aufzüg, übertragen von Alexander Eliasberg,
Georg Müller Verlag, München, 1919.
[In the second volume of Eliasberg's "Yidishem
teater," 51 pp., 16°].
"Amnon and Tamar," translation by Sh. Frug, printed
in a collection by the Peterburg Publishing House, "Znanye,"
1909.
"Belaya kost" ["Yikhus"].
"Der bund fun di shvakhe."
In Polish:
-
"Tsurikgekumen" [Mitn
shtrom], printed in a journal, ed. of St. Zheromski.
"Got fun nekome."
"Moshiakh's tseytn," translation of P. Sokolow.
In Rumanian:
-
SCHALOM ASCH, Dumnezeul
Razbunarii, Drama in 3 acte, Tradusa din idis, de:
Schoss-Roman si Cidel-Roman, Bucuresti, 1928, [pp.
79, 16°].
-
Z. Reyzen -- "Lexicon
of Yiddish Literature," Vol. I, pp. 173-86.
-
B. Gorin -- "History
of Yiddish Theatre," Vol. II, pp. 211, 214, 218,
253, list of plays.
-
Jacob Gordin -- Ale
shriften, fierter band, N. Y., 1910, pp. 167-171.
-
David Frishman --
Shriften, 3ter band, pp. 66-67.
-
S. Dubnow--Erlich --
Sholem asch "got fun nekome" oyf der bine fun teater
"niezalezshni," "Fts"t," Warsaw, 9 July, 1926.
-
I. Manger -- Shabtai
tsvi, dramatishe misterye in 3 aktn fun ash un
zhulavsky, "Ov-vort," Bucharest, 18, 1926.
S. -- Shabtai zvi, "Arb"tst," Czernowitz, 211, 1926.
-
Shakhna Epstein --
"Got fun nekome" un unzere naye got's straptshes, "Frayhayt,"
13 January 1926.
-
Michael Weichert -- "Teater
un drame," Warsaw, I, pp. 76-94.
-
Lead Pencil -- Vi
azoy dos "verte publikum" git aroys an urteyl oyf a
piese, "Forward," 6 March 1918.
-
Ab. Cahan -- A naye
drama fun sholem ash, "Forward," 5 March 1927.
-
A. Eynhorn -- Sholem
ash naye drama revrend dr. zilber, "Literarishe
bleter," 2, 1927.
-
Dr. Michael Weichert
-- Mayn instsenizirung fun sholem ash, "kiddush
hashem," "Literarishe bleter," 9, 1927.
-
HERMAN KIENZL, "Die
Bühne Ein Echo der Zeit," Berlin, (1907) [pp.
231-235.]
-
Ab. Cahan -- Sholem
ash's "der yikhus" in dem nayem teater, "Forward,"
15 Febuary 1921.
-
Moshe Nadir -- "Mayne hent hobn fargosn dos blut," pp. 140-4, 161-165.
-
Dr. Y. Shifer --
Premiern in "tsentral," "yidish teater," Warsaw,
1922, IV- V.
-
Sholom Fraynt -- Dos
ershte yidishe gezelshaftlekhe teater in poyln. "Yidish
teater," Warsaw, II.
-
Ab. Cahan -- "Kidush
hashem" in shvarts' kunst teater, "Forward," 22
September 1928.
-
N. Mayzel, A. Kacyzne -- Sholem ash "kidush hashem" bey der
vilner trupe, "Literarishe bleter," 19, 1928.
-
N. M. -- Di
hundertste forshtelung fun ash "kidush hashem," "Literarishe
bleter," 30, 1928.
-
Michael Weichert --
Sholem ash un dos yidishe teater, "Literarishe
bleter," 85, 1925.
-
Dr. Y. Vortsman -- "Ver
iz der tate?," "Tog," N. Y., 11 March 1918.
-
Yoel Slonim -- "Motke
ganev" in theater, "Di varhayt," N. Y., 24 March
1917.
-
J. Entin -- "Ver iz
der tate?" in adler's teater, "Di varhayt," N. Y., 6
March 1918.
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