Born to Christian parents in 1923 in Czestochowa, Poland, though he lived in Bialystok until 1939. After completing high school in 1942 in Bielitz-Biala, he joined the army. Until 1945 he participated as a soldier in the Second World War.

Having an interest in the humanities and the theatrical arts at the university, he focused on Slavic Studies, Eastern European history and also English studies and drama. After his studies he worked for twelve years as a scholar at the J. G. Herder University in Marburg. He published his research and books and articles, that with few exceptions are dedicated to Polish culture and history.

In 1957 he came into contact with the Yiddish theatre in Warsaw, and was influenced by Ida Kaminska’s performance of Mother Courage .

Then he became interested in the Yiddish theatre. He attended various productions from 1964-67 and made contact with the producers of that theatre. In 1967 he worked for a period of time documenting the theatre in order to collect material for a history of post-war theatre.

This work he later published in the "Zeitschrift fur Ostforschung", V. 4, 1968, entitled "The Yiddish Theatre in Poland". After the Second World War; it was published there in Yiddish. H. is now the Polish editor of German Radio in Koln.

Sh. E.

• Zalmen Zylbercweig -- "Handbook of the Yiddish Theatre", Minsk, 1970, p. 37.

• Dr. N. Sverdlin -- Vos deytsh schreybt vegen idishen teater in polishn nakhn tsveyten velt-lrig, "Day Morning Journal", New York, 1969.