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N. was born on 15 October
1891in Nowo-Mińsk (now Mińsk Mazowiecki, Poland), Warsaw
Gubernia, Poland. Her father was the owner of a rope
factory. She learned in a private school, and she
learned Yiddish from a rabbi's wife. As an active member in
the "Kleiner bund," she often traveled as an emissary to
Warsaw, and later in Nowo-Mińsk she participated in
"amateur" offerings of Shliferstein's "Dora" (under the
direction of the author) in "Koldunye" to benefit a
worker's kitchen. Here she was arrested, and after her
release she went away to Warsaw.
Through her acquaintance
with the actress Losha Yakubovitsh, she was taken in as a
chorus singer into an itinerant troupe that had
performed in Kolo and soon, after performing as an
actress, as "Tsila" in Gordin's "Kreutzer Sonata,"
she remained there to act in roles. For two years she
toured across Poland, and in 1910 she came to Lodz,
where she performed again as a chorus singer in the
"United Troupe." For a short time she withdrew from her stage
activity and then, through Shumsky, she returned to
Odessa and joined Sabsey, later again with Fiszon
where she was in the chorus for four years, performing
part-time in small roles, and then for five years as an
actress in prominent roles. Later she acted in Riga with
Kompaneyets in Bobruisk's Soviet State Theatre, in
Warsaw with Kompaneyets and Tselmeister, in Lodz's
"Polish Theatre" (Dir. -- Kompaneyets), where she
created the role of "Vitskenea" in Sudermann's "Yohanes
feyern." Then for several months she was in Vienna,
where she performed under the name |